The clinical course of immune mediated optic neuritis (ON) will depend on the specific underlying inflammatory disease. These disorders have traditionally been classified according to clinical and MRI findings. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) autoantibodies (neuromyelitis optica-IgG (NMO-IgG)) may have diagnostic and prognostic value in patients who present with isolated ON.
A full-term female neonate was born with severe hypotonia and weakness. Her mother had been treated for neuromyelitis optica (Devic disease) for 6 years
Recently, a disease-specific antibody was found in serum from patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and its target antigen was identified as aquaporin 4 (AQP4) water channel protein. There is no clinical picture of pediatric cases with anti-AQP4 antibody, except one report from North America. Here, we report the clinical features of 18 Japanese anti-AQP4 antibody -positive patients with childhood-onset of NMO
BACKGROUND: Under the therapeutic point of view, neuromyelitis optica (NMO) poses major challenges. Patients with NMO manifest severe disability from recurrent demyelinating lesions and the therapies are only partially effective. We performed a retrospective analysis of the records of patients followed at our institution and provide suggestions for management of acute relapses and preventive therapy.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differential diagnostic value of NMO-IgG for neuromyelitis optica (NMO) versus multiple sclerosis (MS) and to analyze its possible clinical features related to NMO-IgG. METHODS: Forty-one NMO patients and 44 MS patients in acute phase and 40 healthy controls were investigated. Serum NMO-IgG was tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay.
Background: Although brain lesions are now recognized more frequently in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), most of them have been reported to be nonspecific and rarely symptomatic.
Background: Epidemiological studies have identified ethnicity-based prevalence differences of NMO which is considered to be rare in Caucasians. However, little is actually known about NMO in Caucasians and NMO may be misdiagnosed.
Purpose: Paroxysmal tonic spasms (PTS) are brief, stereotypic, repetitive events of painful dystonic posturing that occur in association with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). They are a hallmark of central nervous system demyelination and are putatively due to ion channel dysfunction on or adjacent to demyelinated axons
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) is a rare but severe demyelinating disease, characterized by severe optic neuritis and spinal myelitis. The entity was described by Eug?ne Devic in 1894 and is since then known as Devic’s Neuromyelitis Optica (1). Initially considered a monophasic variant of multiple sclerosis (MS), detailed recent reports have allowed a better definition of the disease with distinct clinical, laboratory and imaging findings.
May 5, 2010 — Devic’s neuromyelitis optica (DNMO) is a demyelinating disease characterized by bilateral visual disturbance and transverse myelopathy. It was first described in 1894 by Eugene Devic [1] in a woman who suffered from a bilateral optic neuritis and acute transverse myelitis. Pathologically, lesions are restricted to the optic nerves and spinal cord, with areas of necrosis of gray and white matter, cavitations, lack of inflammatory infiltrate, vascular hyalinization, and fibrosis [2]
When Mrs G presented to the emergency room, clinical examination with transverse spinal cord syndrome, magnetic resonance imaging, and her complete clinical remission after plasmapheresis as well as lack of response to treatment pointed to longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, representing an inaugural or limited form of neuromyelitis optica. The diagnosis was confirmed by detection of anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibodies.
Neuromyelitis optica is a severe, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by attacks of myelitis and optic neuritis.