Notable Increased Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptors in Neuromyelitis Optica. Wang H, Wang K, Zhong X, Dai Y, Qiu W, Wu A, Hu X.
Analysis of 103 Hungarian patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease M. Banati, E. Koszegi, P
We evaluated 30 patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) and 8 patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) to investigate correlations between Th1/Th2 balance, disease activity, effects of interferon (IFN)-beta treatment, and expressions of chemokine receptors CXCR3 and CCR4 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood. MS and NMO patients in the relapsing phase showed a significantly increased CD4+CXCR3+/CD4+CCR4+ ratio and CD8+CXCR3+/CD8+CCR4+ ratio compared with respective patients in the remission phase
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the degree of blood-brain barrier disruption in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and to clarify whether the levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) in patients with NMO can be useful biomarkers for blood-brain barrier breakdown.
BACKGROUND: Anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies are believed to have a central pathogenetic role in neuromyelitis optica (NMO). B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is one of the crucial factors that determines the fate and survival of B cells and may play a role in induction of antibody-mediated autoimmunity. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of BAFF in NMO and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients
OBJECTIVE: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disease associated with optic neuritis and myelitis. Although some studies have reported multiple sclerosis (MS)-like lesions in 10-30% of NMO patients, brain MRI is usually normal. Several studies have observed metabolic abnormalities on MR spectroscopy in MS, even in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM).
Background: The burden of multiple sclerosis (MS) includes fatigue, depression and worsening of health-related quality of life (HRQOL).
Background: Based on case series and anecdotal evidence, immunosuppression has been shown to reduce relapse rates and delay disability in Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and is currently the mainstay of disease modifying treatment.
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a neurologic disease characterized by severe optic neuritis, longitudinally extended, transverse myelitis and serum aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody. Our recent neuropathological study revealed the extensive loss of AQP4 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocyte-specific protein, in NMO lesions, but not in MS lesions, suggesting that severe astrocytic damage or dysfunction may be related to the pathogenesis of NMO. Here we report a patient of NMO, in which the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of GFAP were measured both during relapse of myelitis and after high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (HIMP).