Background: Although it has been well established that vaccination does not increase the risk of relapse in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), no study on the influence of immunization on neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOsd) has been conducted. As NMO differs from MS in a number of aspects, including its immunopathogenetic mechanisms, vaccination may have some influence on the occurrence of new relapses
Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) associated with a specific autoantibody, anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab). Although low-dose corticosteroids and immunosuppressants are widely used for prevention in NMO, the efficacy is not yet confirmed by large controlled studies. Objective: To evaluate the benefit of low-dose prednisolone therapy in patients with relapsing NMO.
Purpose: Paroxysmal tonic spasms (PTS) are brief, stereotypic, repetitive events of painful dystonic posturing that occur in association with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). They are a hallmark of central nervous system demyelination and are putatively due to ion channel dysfunction on or adjacent to demyelinated axons
Optic neuritis is defined as inflammation of the optic nerve.
Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare inflammatory disease. Average age at onset is 35 years
Although human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy, or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), is usually considered as a progressive myelopathy, a subacute variant has been described. It is unusual for optic neuritis (ON) to be associated with an HTLV-1 infection